inttypes.h(0P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		inttypes.h(0P)

PROLOG
       This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding
       Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       inttypes.h — fixed size integer types

SYNOPSIS
       #include <inttypes.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends the
       ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test
       macro (see the System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 2.2,
       The Compilation Environment) to enable the visibility of these symbols
       in this header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include the <stdint.h> header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall define at least the following types:

       imaxdiv_t   Structure type that is the type of the value returned by
		   the imaxdiv() function.

       wchar_t	   As described in <stddef.h>.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall define the following macros. Each expands
       to a character string literal containing a conversion specifier,
       possibly modified by a length modifier, suitable for use within the
       format argument of a formatted input/output function when converting
       the corresponding integer type. These macros have the general form of
       PRI (character string literals for the fprintf() and fwprintf() family
       of functions) or SCN (character string literals for the fscanf() and
       fwscanf() family of functions), followed by the conversion specifier,
       followed by a name corresponding to a similar type name in <stdint.h>.
       In these names, N represents the width of the type as described in
       <stdint.h>.  For example, PRIdFAST32 can be used in a format string to
       print the value of an integer of type int_fast32_t.

       The fprintf() macros for signed integers are:


	      PRIdN	   PRIdLEASTN	PRIdFASTN    PRIdMAX	  PRIdPTR
	      PRIiN	   PRIiLEASTN	PRIiFASTN    PRIiMAX	  PRIiPTR

       The fprintf() macros for unsigned integers are:


	      PRIoN	   PRIoLEASTN	PRIoFASTN    PRIoMAX	  PRIoPTR
	      PRIuN	   PRIuLEASTN	PRIuFASTN    PRIuMAX	  PRIuPTR
	      PRIxN	   PRIxLEASTN	PRIxFASTN    PRIxMAX	  PRIxPTR
	      PRIXN	   PRIXLEASTN	PRIXFASTN    PRIXMAX	  PRIXPTR

       The fscanf() macros for signed integers are:


	      SCNdN	   SCNdLEASTN	SCNdFASTN    SCNdMAX	  SCNdPTR
	      SCNiN	   SCNiLEASTN	SCNiFASTN    SCNiMAX	  SCNiPTR

       The fscanf() macros for unsigned integers are:


	      SCNoN	   SCNoLEASTN	SCNoFASTN    SCNoMAX	  SCNoPTR
	      SCNuN	   SCNuLEASTN	SCNuFASTN    SCNuMAX	  SCNuPTR
	      SCNxN	   SCNxLEASTN	SCNxFASTN    SCNxMAX	  SCNxPTR

       For each type that the implementation provides in <stdint.h>, the
       corresponding fprintf() and fwprintf() macros shall be defined and the
       corresponding fscanf() and fwscanf() macros shall be defined unless the
       implementation does not have a suitable modifier for the type.

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.


	   intmax_t  imaxabs(intmax_t);
	   imaxdiv_t imaxdiv(intmax_t, intmax_t);
	   intmax_t  strtoimax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	   uintmax_t strtoumax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	   intmax_t  wcstoimax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
	   uintmax_t wcstoumax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES
       #include <inttypes.h>
       #include <wchar.h>
       int main(void)
       {
	   uintmax_t i = UINTMAX_MAX; // This type always exists.
	   wprintf(L"The largest integer value is %020"
	       PRIxMAX "\n", i);
	   return 0;
       }

APPLICATION USAGE
       The purpose of <inttypes.h> is to provide a set of integer types whose
       definitions are consistent across machines and independent of operating
       systems and other implementation idiosyncrasies. It defines, through
       typedef, integer types of various sizes. Implementations are free to
       typedef them as ISO C standard integer types or extensions that they
       support. Consistent use of this header will greatly increase the
       portability of applications across platforms.

RATIONALE
       The ISO/IEC 9899:1990 standard specified that the language should
       support four signed and unsigned integer data types—char, short, int,
       and long—but placed very little requirement on their size other than
       that int and short be at least 16 bits and long be at least as long as
       int and not smaller than 32 bits. For 16-bit systems, most
       implementations assigned 8, 16, 16, and 32 bits to char, short, int,
       and long, respectively. For 32-bit systems, the common practice has
       been to assign 8, 16, 32, and 32 bits to these types. This difference
       in int size can create some problems for users who migrate from one
       system to another which assigns different sizes to integer types,
       because the ISO C standard integer promotion rule can produce silent
       changes unexpectedly.  The need for defining an extended integer type
       increased with the introduction of 64-bit systems.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       Macro names beginning with PRI or SCN followed by any lowercase letter
       or 'X' may be added to the macros defined in the <inttypes.h> header.

SEE ALSO
       <stddef.h>

       The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 2.2, The
       Compilation Environment, imaxabs(), imaxdiv(), strtoimax(), wcstoimax()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology --
       Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the
       Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
       Group.  In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
       original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
       Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can
       be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

       Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source
       files to man page format. To report such errors, see
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2017			inttypes.h(0P)