CAT(1)				 User Commands				CAT(1)

NAME
       cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output

SYNOPSIS
       cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.

       With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

       -A, --show-all
	      equivalent to -vET

       -b, --number-nonblank
	      number nonempty output lines, overrides -n

       -e     equivalent to -vE

       -E, --show-ends
	      display $ at end of each line

       -n, --number
	      number all output lines

       -s, --squeeze-blank
	      suppress repeated empty output lines

       -t     equivalent to -vT

       -T, --show-tabs
	      display TAB characters as ^I

       -u     (ignored)

       -v, --show-nonprinting
	      use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
	      output version information and exit

EXAMPLES
       cat f - g
	      Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.

       cat    Copy standard input to standard output.

AUTHOR
       Written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report bugs to: bug-coreutils@gnu.org
       GNU coreutils home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.	License GPLv3+: GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       tac(1)

       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cat invocation'

GNU coreutils 9.8		September 2025				CAT(1)